Gametes Sex Cells
Fertilisation Joining 2 gametes together.
Zygote The product of joining 2 gametes together.
Diploid Contains 2 complete sets of chromosomes.
Haploid Contains only one set of chromosomes.
Mitosis Cell division leading to 2 identical cells used for growth.
Meiosis Cell division leading to 4 non-identical cells each with haploid number of chromosomes.
Gene Length of DNA coding for polypeptide.
Allele Different forms of a gene.
Gene Locus The position on a chromosome of a gene.
Homozygous 2 alleles or chromosomes which are the same.
Hetrozygous 2 alleles or chromosomes which are different.
Genotype Alleles present in a organism e.g. Aa
Phenotype Observable characteristics of an organism.
Multiple alleles More than 2 alleles for the same gene locus.
Dominant If one allele has an effect on phenotype in heterozygote.
Recessive If one allele has no effect on a phenotype in heterozygote.
Codominant If both alleles have effect on phenotype in heterozygote
Sex linked Present on X chromosome.
Monohybrid Cross Inheritance using one gene locus.
Dihybrid Cross Inheritance using two gene loci.